INP (Interaction to Next Paint)
A Core Web Vital that measures a page's responsiveness to user interactions like clicks, taps, and keyboard input.
Full definition
INP replaced FID (First Input Delay) as a Core Web Vital in March 2024. While FID only measured the delay before processing began, INP measures the full duration from user interaction to the next visual update — capturing the complete responsiveness experience. A good INP is under 200ms; 200–500ms needs improvement; over 500ms is poor. Poor INP is typically caused by long JavaScript tasks running on the main thread that block the browser from responding. Fixes include code splitting, deferring non-critical JavaScript, using web workers for heavy computations, and optimising event handlers.
Real-world example
An interactive product configurator has an INP of 680ms due to a synchronous calculation running on click. Moving the calculation to a Web Worker reduces INP to 140ms.
Related terms
Google's set of speed and UX metrics — LCP, INP, and CLS — used as ranking signals.
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